Medicinal Herbs

Ashwagandha is a plant that grows mostly in India, Pakistan and North America. The root base of the ashwagandha herb has been applied for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine. Ashwagandha has many positive effects on human health, such as flavonoids and elements of the with anolide class. Several today's studies have found that ashwagandha is efficient in lowering inflammation, reducing stress, improving mental activity, energizing the body, as a healthy antioxidant and it may also cure tumors.

The rhizome of kali haldi has a bitter, sharp, hot taste, and a pleasant odour. It has anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties, and is laxative. It is used as a tonic for the brain and the heart. Rhizomes are useful in treating leucoderma, piles, bronchitis, asthma, tumors, and tuberculous glands of the neck, enlarge- ment of the spleen, epileptic seizures, inflammations, and al- lergic eruptions. Black turmeric is native to Northeastern and Central India where it has been part of cultural ceremonies and medicinal remedies. Black turmeric is used by many tribal communities in the state of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra. The herb is sold fresh or dried in markets across India and Southeast Asia. As of 2016, Black turmeric has been listed as an endangered species by the Indian Agricul- tural Department. Efforts are being made to protect and conserve Black turmeric in Odisha, on the central eastern coast, along the Bay of Bengal.

The botanical name of Brahmi is Bacopa monnieri and belongs to family Scrophulariaceae. It is mainly found in warmer and humid conditions. Whole herb i.e. seeds, roots, leaves, rhizomes etc. are used for preparing various drugs. Drugs prepared from Brahmi is used as anticancer and used to cure anemia, asthma, diuretic, tumours and epilepsy. It is also used as an antidote for snake bite. It is a creeping annual herb with average height of 2-3 feet with branched roots at the nodes. Flowers are of whitish or pale blue in color with small and oval shaped fruit. Seeds are 0.2-0.3mm in size with dark brown in color. North and South America, Europe, Australia, southern India, Asia and Africa are major countries growing Brahmi.

Salvia hispanica is the scientific name for Chia seeds, and is commonly known as China, and it is a flowering plant from the mint family, Lamiaceae, which is native to central and southern Mexico and Guatemala. It is considered a pseudocereal, mainly cultivated for its edible, hydrophilic Chia seed, grown and commonly used as food in several countries of western South America, western Mexico, and the southwestern United States.

Chia seeds are one of the nutrition and healthy food items nowadays. Chia seeds are edible in several ways. There are a lot of Chia recipes you can discover yourself. There are many more recipes that you can experiment yourself. Chia grows well in tropical and subtropical regions; it is optimally established from 400 to 2500 m a.s.l., but the areas below 200 m elevation are not good for Chia cultivation). Chia crop is intolerant to freezing at the early stages of growth.

It can grow it successfully at altitudes up to 3200 ft. It thrives light soil, and benefits from good nutrition. It is a hardy plant, which makes organic farming a great success. Yields of Chia seeds are around 2880 kg per acre are common. Harvesting and processing depend on the location and the size of the farm, but the commercial farms would harvest with a combine harvester and then process it similar to quinoa, wild rice etc.

Chia seeds vary in size, the sizes of the seeds depend on the moisture available there and its range. Chia plants grow up to 3 cm to 4 cm under dry environmental conditions and up to 60 cm, if grown in optimal growth conditions.

The leaves of the plant are thick and wrinkled and are dark green in color. The leaves are deeply lobed with a thin cover of fine, soft, grayish hairs are available on its upper surface. The plants have many stems which emerge from the base of the plant. The flowers of the plants have with two lips in pale blue to deep blue. Each flower has 13 tiny flat seeds which is 1.5-2 mm in length and is gray to light brown in colors.

The plant called the Coleus, Botanic name Coleus forskohlil is an aromatic perennial plant about two feet tall when fully mature. Coleus possesses tuber like roots and a straight anderect stem with colourful leaves.  The coleus has an aromatic fragrance resembling the scent of the camphor plant.

Ginger, an indigenous plant, is an important spice crop of the world. It is valued in medicine as a carminative and stimulant of the gastro-intestinal tract. Dry ginger is used for the manufacture of oil, oleoresin, essence, soft drink, non-alcoholic beverages and vitaminesed effervescent soft drinks. India is the largest producer and exporter to more than 50 countries accounting for more than 70% of world production.

The botanical name of ginger is Zingiber officinale L. which belongs to the family Zingiberaceae. Ginger is a herbaceous perennial with underground rhizomes having serial leafy shoots of 0.5 to 0.75m height; leaves sheathy, alternately arranged, linear with 15 cm long and sessile flowers borne on a spike, condensed, oblong and cylindrical with numerous scar bracts; flowers numerous yellow in colour with dark purplish spots, bisexual, epigynous, stamens only one, ovary inferior, three carpelled; fruit an oblong capsule, seeds glabrous and fairly large.

Gokshura is an herb and also it is a medicinal plant. It is used in preparation of medicines. It is one of the pure herb which is used in Ayurvedic medicines. The Gokshura is originated from the genus of Tribulus. Gokshura belong to Zygophyllaceae family. The Gokshura is scientifically named as Tribulus terrestris. These herbs are not only used in Ayurvedic medicines, but also in other Indian Medicines like Siddha, Unani and Kashmiri. In North America it is an invasive species. It is an herbaceous tap-rooted perennial plant. These are mainly found in Southern Europe, Australia, Africa, India, China, Vietnam and Southern Asia.

As this is mostly found in the subtropical parts so in India also these Gokshura is found in Punjab, Gujarat, Assam, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttaranchal. This Gokshura herb is also named as Gokharu, Gokhru, Gokhru, Bahukantaka and Chirupalleru.

Akarkara (Spilanthes Acmella) is also known as Acmella oleracea is a unique and versatile herbal plant and also known as anti-toothache plant with high medicinal usages So, it has been recognized as an important medicinal plant. Due to its traditional uses in health care and as food, now-a-days, there is an increasingly demand all over the world.  Akarkara flowers begin with thick red stuff; they increasingly stretch and turn yellow, keeping the red on the top. Naturally leaves are dark green and the stems, leaf stalks and veins dark green with light-purple colour. It can be an easily grown plant with a spreading and bringing up the rear habit 

Akarkara (Spilanthes Acmella) is also known as Acmella oleracea is a unique and versatile herbal plant and also known as anti-toothache plant with high medicinal usages So, it has been recognized as an important medicinal plant. Due to its traditional uses in health care and as food, now-a-days, there is an increasingly demand all over the world.  Akarkara flowers begin with thick red stuff; they increasingly stretch and turn yellow, keeping the red on the top. Naturally leaves are dark green and the stems, leaf stalks and veins dark green with light-purple colour. It can be an easily grown plant with a spreading and bringing up the rear habit.

Kalmegh is hardy plant and has been used as medicine since time immemorial. This plant is also known as 'Rice bitter' in West Indies and 'King of bitters' or 'Chiretta' in England. The fresh and dried leaves of Kalmegh are used as drugs in India. Branches are quadrangular and narrowly winged towards the apical region

MILK THISTLE CULTIVATION

Originated in Europe but also present in North America, is a hardy annual plant that can be found growing wild in rocky, dry areas. It is often considered as an invasive weed; however, due to its benefits for liver health, milk thistle has become widely popular and nowadays is a common addition to many gardens and backyards. The following growing guidelines offer valuable advise about how to cultivate and take care of milk thistle at home.

1. Preparing the Soil

Milk thistle is a hardy plant that grows well in different environments, but it prefers high temperatures and dry conditions. The only requirement for milk thistle is a well-draining soil.

2. Planting

To grow milk thistle outdoors, spread the seed directly over the desired area in the spring or fall. Milk thistle seeds only take two weeks to germinate. Since it grows in clumps, it is recommendable to space the plant 12-15 inches (30-38 cm) apart.

Plant Care

3.Watering

Milk thistle is a very drought tolerant plant and prefers dry conditions. It should not be necessary to water milk thistle unless there are very extreme conditions of drought.

4.Fertilizing

If you wish to increase the seed production of milk thistle, you can fertilize this plant with nitrogen and potassium. However, that is rarely necessary because milk thistle is a hardy plant that thrives in poor soils.

5. Harvest

The seeds are the main part of the milk thistle plant that are harvested for use. Mature seeds are ideal because of their high levels of silymarin. You will know which seeds are the most mature because they turn brown and are protected by the pappus, a circle of hairs formed from the modified calyx that appears as silvery white fluff. This particular form is found on the seeds of plants in the Asteraceae family, such as  and thistle. The pappus assists in the dispersal of the seeds by wind, acting as a parachute.

When the flower have finished blooming and it is loaded with seeds, the flower head must be cut with less than one inch (2.5 cm) of stem. This operation can also be done by hand, in which case it is necessary to wear thick clothing and gloves since the plant has many very sharp thorns.

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Pudina also known as menthe is an energizing herb. Mint is used as mint oil, tooth pastes, mouth washes and flavoring agents in many dishes. Its leaves are used for preparing various drugs. Drugs prepared from mint are used in treatment of nasal, rheumatism, neuralgia, carminative and bronchial treatment. It is used in wide range of pharmaceutical. It is a small herb with average height of 1-2 feet with spreading root stocks.

Safed Musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) is a tuber crop belonging to the family Liliaceae. It is partly a herb with sub-erect lanceolate leaves. Safed Musli is found growing in thick forests in its natural form.The roots of safed musli is reported to contain 2-15% saponin, which has the medicinal property of enhancing vitality and immunity to human beings. It also helps in correcting gynaecological disorders. Safed Musli is naturally grown in the hilly areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. It is reported that the annual demand for dried safed Musli roots is 500t in India. The natural source is getting fast depleted necessitating field cultivation of this medicinally important crop.